Israel Health Ministry Updates Sea of Galilee Swimming Advisories After Fourth Amoeba Case

Following the confirmation of Israel's fourth case of the rare and deadly Naegleria fowleri amoeba, the Ministry of Health has updated its swimming recommendations for the Sea of Galilee. The latest victim is a nine-year-old boy, currently hospitalized in serious condition at Rambam Hospital, suffering from amoebic encephalitis, sedated, and on a ventilator. Epidemiological investigation revealed he had swum at the Kinneret's Kursi beach about a week before his hospitalization.

The ministry is advising swimmers to use nose plugs, avoid diving, jumping, or submerging their heads in the water as much as possible, and refrain from stirring up the bottom in shallow areas. While emphasizing the extreme rarity of the disease, officials noted its rapid progression and high fatality rate. Infection occurs when water containing the amoeba enters the nose, potentially reaching the brain. The ministry clarified that the amoeba cannot be contracted by drinking water and is not contagious between people. It thrives in warm freshwater, with risk increasing as water temperatures rise.

These precautions align with international guidelines for minimizing infection risk. The ministry also recommended clear signage at beaches detailing risks and safety measures. They stressed that sporadic water sampling is insufficient to declare a body of water safe, as amoeba distribution is uneven. Risk assessment relies on comprehensive epidemiological and environmental data.

Naegleria fowleri, a single-celled organism, causes Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM), a severe brain inflammation. Since 2022, four cases have been diagnosed in Israel: one in 2022, two in July 2024 linked to a water park at the Sea of Galilee, and the current case. Globally, fewer than 500 cases have been reported, with the U.S. documenting 167 between 1962 and 2024.

Individuals who swam in freshwater and develop symptoms such as fever, severe headache, nausea, vomiting, stiff neck, confusion, unusual drowsiness, seizures, or altered consciousness should seek immediate medical attention, informing healthcare providers of their water exposure. Routine medical checks are not necessary solely for swimming in the Sea of Galilee unless symptoms appear.