IDF Releases Investigations Into Controversial Gaza Incidents During Conflict

The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) published findings from investigations into several exceptional incidents that occurred during the Gaza conflict, conducted by a special mechanism ensuring compliance with international and Israeli law. Since the war began, about 150 events have been investigated, with five high-profile cases recently receiving legal decisions.

One incident involved the killing of seven World Central Kitchen (WCK) humanitarian workers on April 1, 2024. The IDF mistook armed personnel accompanying the convoy for Hamas militants, leading to an attack on the vehicles. The convoy’s armed security presence was not coordinated with the IDF, and the vehicles deviated from the agreed route. Following the investigation, several commanders were disciplined or removed, but no criminal charges were filed due to operational complexities.

Another case from January 29, 2024, concerned the death of nine people, including the child Hind Rajab, in Gaza City. IDF forces fired on a vehicle moving against a prior evacuation direction, resulting in fatalities and injuries. Attempts to coordinate ambulance evacuation were reportedly hindered, and two paramedics were killed when their ambulance was targeted. Due to coordination failures, the case is under further military police investigation.

On March 23, 2025, IDF forces ambushed Hamas operatives near Tal al-Sultan, firing on vehicles later identified as fire trucks, ambulances, and a UN vehicle, killing 15 Palestinians, including medical personnel. Six of the deceased were confirmed Hamas members. Command disciplinary actions were taken, and a military police investigation is ongoing due to suspected criminal conduct.

In February 2024, two Doctors Without Borders staff were killed in Khan Yunis when an IDF shell hit their building, which was misidentified as a military threat. The forces lacked updated intelligence about the building’s humanitarian status. The military prosecutor is reviewing possible command measures but found no grounds for criminal investigation.

Lastly, in November 2023, two Doctors Without Borders workers died after IDF forces fired warning shots at their convoy in Gaza City when it moved contrary to approved evacuation routes. The investigation found no direct fire on the convoy and no criminal suspicion, though the deaths may have resulted from warning shot shrapnel.

These investigations reflect the IDF’s efforts to balance operational security with legal and humanitarian obligations during the Gaza conflict, with ongoing reviews and disciplinary actions where warranted.