Gulf States Divided Over Unified Front Against Iran Amid Regional Tensions

After two nights without attacks in Iran or retaliations in the Gulf, regional countries are attempting to advance a joint initiative to end the conflict. However, according to a Politico report, deep divisions underlie the unifying statements, complicating efforts to form a cohesive front against Tehran. In recent weeks, senior officials from Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Jordan, and the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) have held multiple meetings with top American officials. The GCC has also issued statements condemning Iranian strikes.

Despite a shared interest in keeping the Strait of Hormuz open, each country has distinct priorities and economic and security interests. David Schenker, a former senior U.S. State Department official, noted that the war has intensified existing rifts within the Gulf. One example is the UAE’s April withdrawal from the OPEC cartel, a move that reportedly caused tensions with Saudi Arabia. Oman and Qatar favor a more conciliatory approach toward Iran and mediation efforts, while the UAE supports a tougher stance. Saudi Arabia is reportedly positioned between these two approaches.

All Gulf states fear the conflict’s expansion and its impact on energy routes. Some are already promoting alternative oil and gas export routes that bypass the Strait of Hormuz, though these infrastructures could also become targets if fighting continues.