Israel Mandates Iodine Fortification in Table Salt to Combat Deficiencies

Israel is set to begin fortifying table salt with iodine to address a widespread microelement deficit among the population, according to new regulations being prepared by the Ministry of Health. These rules are expected to take effect within two years and will apply exclusively to table salt intended for domestic use. Coarse salt and specialty salts, such as Himalayan and Maldon salt, will be exempt from the iodine fortification requirement. Currently, table salt accounts for less than 15% of the total salt consumed daily by Israelis, with coarse salt being the most popular variety. The Ministry of Health has proposed a recommended iodine concentration of 25 to 45 milligrams per kilogram of salt. The ministry estimates this measure will increase daily iodine intake by approximately 0.045 milligrams, representing about 30% of the recommended daily allowance indicated on product packaging. The dosage may be adjusted in the future based on monitoring results. Both table and coarse salt are price-controlled items in Israel, with a maximum price of 2.09 shekels per kilogram, though some retailers sell it for as low as 1.80 shekels. The Ministry of Health asserts that mandatory iodization will not lead to an increase in the price of salt. While iodized salt is currently available in Israel, it is sold at a higher price point than regular salt. For instance, "Melach Ha'aretz" company offers 250-gram packages of iodized salt ranging from 5.90 to 10.90 shekels, compared to 5.90 to 8.90 shekels for non-iodized salt of the same size. The prices for salt in plastic packaging, as well as specialty, flavored, and enriched varieties, are not regulated by the state. The decision to mandate iodization stems from a recognized iodine deficiency among Israelis, which poses particular risks to children and pregnant women. Historically, eggs, fish, dairy products, and drinking water have been primary sources of iodine. However, Israel's widespread adoption of desalinated water, which is demineralized by reverse osmosis membranes and often not fully remineralized with iodine, has significantly reduced iodine levels in the water supply. Iodine deficiency can lead to serious health issues, including miscarriages, developmental problems, fatigue, and thyroid disorders such as goiter. Switzerland was the first country to legally mandate salt iodization, a practice now followed in over 124 countries worldwide.