Israeli Expert Explains Science Behind Perseids Meteor Shower and Night Sky Viewing Tips

Every August, thousands of Israelis leave city light pollution behind to watch the Perseids meteor shower, popularly known as "shooting stars." Dr. Yigal Pat-El explains that this natural spectacle is caused by Earth passing through debris left by ancient comets, producing bright streaks as tiny particles burn up in the atmosphere. In a special podcast episode of "Tel Aviv 360," Michael Zukran, head of satellite tracking and laser communication at Tel Aviv University's Quantum Center, detailed the cosmic physics behind meteoroids, meteors, and meteorites, clarifying common misconceptions.

Zukran described the scientific terms: meteoroids are small space rocks or dust particles; meteors are the glowing trails created when these particles enter Earth’s atmosphere at high speed; and meteorites are larger fragments that survive atmospheric entry and reach the ground. The Perseids are especially popular due to favorable weather and dark skies in the Northern Hemisphere during August.

Tracing the evolution of astronomical observation, Zukran highlighted advances from Galileo’s early telescopes to Newton’s mirror-based designs, and now to computerized imaging that compensates for Earth’s rotation to capture detailed photos of distant galaxies. His own work focuses on tracking fast-moving objects like the International Space Station, traveling at 27,000 km/h, using advanced optical techniques.

These technologies support cutting-edge free-space laser communication systems that transmit highly encrypted data via laser beams to satellites and aircraft, overcoming atmospheric distortions and wind interference. Zukran also shared practical advice for meteor shower watchers: arrive before sunset to allow eyes to adjust to darkness, use red light to preserve night vision, and avoid telescopes since meteors appear randomly across the sky and are best seen with the naked eye.

This blend of cosmic phenomena and technological innovation underscores Israel’s role in advancing space science and communication.