Gaza's Buildings Devastated, Hamas Support Wanes But Remains Significant

Three years after the October 7th Hamas attack, support for the organization among Gaza's residents is declining, though this does not translate into a willingness to see it disarmed. Amidst widespread destruction and expanded Israeli military presence, opinions range from accusations against the attack's organizers to praise for it. A poll by the Palestinian Center for Policy and Survey Research in August found 33% of Gazans and 24% of Palestinians overall support Hamas, a trend the center described as weakening the organization's position. Satisfaction with Hamas's actions in Gaza has also dropped from 51% in January 2026 to 38%. However, 62% of Gazans oppose Hamas's disarmament until Israeli forces fully withdraw, with 72% of all Palestinians fearing war would resume and Israel would not leave.

Despite decreased support, Hamas retains considerable political influence. Dissatisfaction has led to attempted protests, such as in June when hundreds demonstrated against Hamas in several Gaza areas, but these were suppressed or did not gain traction. Supporters continue to glorify the October 7th attack. Faiz Abu Shamala, a former mayor of Khan Yunis linked to Hamas, called October 7th a day of battle and heroism. Hamas itself frames it as a historic turning point and a "glorious day," asserting armed resistance is a legitimate right.

The landscape of Gaza has been dramatically altered. According to UN estimates based on satellite imagery, approximately 82% of buildings, over 200,000 structures, have been damaged, with about two-thirds destroyed. Images show extensive devastation in formerly densely populated neighborhoods, with schools, universities, and residential buildings ruined. New roads, earthworks, trenches, and military positions have appeared. The IDF states it controls about 63% of Gaza, establishing around 40 new military posts.

Conversely, an Israeli security source described the current humanitarian situation as stable and significantly better than in 2025. Since a ceasefire in October 2025, over 2.2 million tons of food have entered Gaza, comprising 70-80% of aid trucks. Israel claims food prices have fallen by approximately 83%. International organizations support 41 bakeries producing over 3 million pita breads daily, in addition to local bakeries. Over 24,000 tons of medical equipment have been delivered, and Israel reports ongoing hospital operations and the evacuation of tens of thousands for treatment or resettlement. Water supply, through various means, exceeds 70,000 cubic meters per day, with the Coordinator of Government Activities in the Territories (COGAT) reporting over 60 liters per person daily.

Israeli security officials also allege Hamas exploits humanitarian aid mechanisms to maintain power by taxing merchants, seizing goods, hoarding aid supplies, and influencing their distribution.