Monopoly on Kosher Certification Challenged as Chief Rabbinate Resists Reform

On Thursday afternoon, the kosher certification system in Israel appeared to undergo a historic shift when the Chief Rabbinate officially recognized Tzohar, a non-Haredi kosher certification body, breaking the Rabbinate's longstanding monopoly. This recognition came under pressure from the Supreme Court and was formalized by outgoing Chief Rabbinate CEO Yehuda Cohen. However, the Chief Rabbinate Council quickly rejected the certificate, stating it was invalid without their approval and citing a 30-day review period allowed by law. This dispute is complicated by the upcoming Knesset vote expected within two weeks to repeal the kosher reform law that enabled Tzohar's recognition, which will likely return the matter to the Supreme Court.

The kosher reform, passed by the Knesset in November 2021 under then-Minister Matan Kahana, aimed to open the kosher certification market to private corporations and reduce the Chief Rabbinate's monopoly, which critics say fosters corruption, extortion, and coercion, while also raising living costs. Since the Netanyahu government took office, Minister Michael Malchieli of Shas and the Chief Rabbinate have actively worked to block the reform's implementation. Tzohar was forced to petition the Supreme Court to compel the Rabbinate to publish certification exams for new kosher bodies, resulting in the initial recognition certificate.

Despite the Chief Rabbinate Council's rejection, Tzohar has gained a formal document stating it meets all requirements to issue kosher certificates, marking a breakthrough. Businesses under Tzohar supervision can now display "kosher" certificates, though widespread adoption may be limited until the legal dispute resolves. The Rabbinate risks legal challenges if it attempts to penalize these businesses, potentially strengthening Tzohar's position in court.

Looking ahead, if the repeal law passes, the kosher certification reform will be nullified, preserving Shas's control over kosher inspectors and the associated jobs. However, should a new government form after the elections, there is hope for a more pragmatic Minister of Religious Services who might advance reform independent of the resistant Chief Rabbinate.