Czech Republic Sees Over 5-Fold Rise in Antisemitic Incidents

Antisemitic incidents in the Czech Republic have surged by over 400% between 2020 and 2024, according to data from the Federation of Jewish Communities in the country, as reported by the European Commission against Racism and Intolerance (ECRI). The independent body of the Council of Europe documented 4,694 incidents in 2024, a significant jump from the 874 recorded in 2020. The increase was already notable before October 7, with 1,128 cases in 2021 and 2,277 in 2022. The number escalated to 4,328 in 2023, intensifying after the Hamas attacks on Israel.

The vast majority of these incidents involve online hate speech, with a particular focus on messages blaming Czech Jews for the actions of the Israeli government. Incidents of Holocaust denial or distortion also rose by 47% in 2024 compared to the previous year. While physical violence remains less frequent, its incidence is growing. Two antisemitic assaults were recorded between 2020 and 2023, compared to four in 2024 targeting individuals perceived as Jewish. Twelve attacks or desecrations of Jewish property were also reported in 2024. More broadly, incidents directly targeting people, property, or institutions increased from 24 in 2022 to 118 in 2024. Thirty-two such incidents were recorded between October 7, 2023, and the end of that year.

The report highlights a specific incident in January 2024, an attempted arson at a synagogue in Brno where an explosive device failed to detonate. An international investigation led to the arrest of five individuals aged 13 to 18, who were reportedly radicalized online and promoted jihadist terrorism. Two suspects have been indicted for incitement to hatred and attempted attack against Jews and their property.

In response, Czech authorities have taken measures, including the adoption of a national strategy to combat antisemitism for 2025-2030, scheduled for October 2025. This strategy aims to enhance the security of Jewish communities, combat antisemitic hatred, and promote Holocaust education. The ECRI report is based on a visit to the country in November 2025 and documents reviewed up to March 2026. The ECRI also called for increased support for victims of hate crimes.