Israeli Scientists Map Heat Islands in Tel Aviv Area, Finding 4-Degree Temperature Differences

Israeli researchers have created a thermal map of the Gush Dan metropolitan area, revealing significant temperature variations of up to four degrees Celsius. Scientists from the Holon Institute of Technology (HIT) and Tel Aviv University identified "urban heat islands" within the region, where built-up areas are considerably warmer than open spaces. The study, published in the journal Urban Climate, utilized satellite imagery, meteorological station data, infrared surveys, and land-use classifications to compare both surface and air temperatures at human height.

During the summer, densely built-up areas, particularly industrial zones and mid-rise neighborhoods with limited vegetation and dark surfaces, can experience air temperatures four degrees higher than surrounding open areas. Specific neighborhoods identified as experiencing this effect include parts of southern Tel Aviv, Bnei Brak, Ramat Gan, Bat Yam, Holon, and Rehovot. Conversely, northern parts of the agglomeration, characterized by less dense construction and more greenery, exhibit a weaker heat island effect.

The study also noted that surface temperature differences can reach nine degrees Celsius, particularly in winter. Open areas cool down much faster after sunset compared to urban environments. Researchers also observed that the center of the heat island shifts; it moves eastward during the day due to sea breezes and returns towards the coast at night.

The findings are expected to inform urban planning decisions, including the strategic placement of green spaces and modifications to building designs to mitigate the urban heat island effect.