West Nile Virus Cases Rise in Israel with One Death Reported in Ramat Hasharon

Since the start of the current West Nile virus season in Israel, 13 cases have been diagnosed, including one fatality of a man in his 70s who died from complications after hospitalization. Most patients experienced fever, rash, and altered consciousness, but as of now, no patients remain hospitalized. Epidemiological investigations are ongoing to identify possible mosquito exposure sites. Mosquitoes carrying the virus have been confirmed in the Menashe Regional Council, Ramat Hasharon, and Eilat, with previous detections in Tel Aviv-Yafo, Tayibe, Tira, Kalansawa, and Lev HaSharon Regional Council.

West Nile virus is transmitted to humans through mosquito bites from mosquitoes that fed on infected birds. While most infected individuals remain asymptomatic, about 20% develop mild flu-like symptoms such as fever, headache, muscle and joint pain, rash, eye pain, nausea, and diarrhea. In rare cases (about 1%), severe neurological complications can occur, including meningitis, encephalitis, paralysis, and even death. Older adults (60+) and people with underlying health conditions like diabetes, cancer, or immunosuppression are at higher risk for severe disease.

Diagnosis is made via blood tests or cerebrospinal fluid analysis to detect antibodies or viral genetic material. There is currently no specific treatment; care is supportive. A preliminary clinical trial at Sheba Medical Center showed promising results using antibody-rich plasma, but further research is needed. Sheba is also developing a targeted antibody treatment for future use.

The Ministry of Health and Ministry of Environmental Protection urge the public to prevent mosquito breeding by eliminating standing water in containers such as buckets, flowerpot trays, tires, and barrels. Protective measures include using insect repellents containing DEET, installing window screens, wearing long light-colored clothing, and using fans outdoors. Residents are encouraged to report mosquito nuisances and standing water to local authorities to aid in targeted control efforts. Mosquito monitoring and control continue nationwide, especially during the peak season from June to November when warm, humid conditions favor mosquito proliferation.

Dr. Shay Reicher, head of the Pest Control Division at the Ministry of Environmental Protection, emphasized the importance of public cooperation in drying standing water and reporting mosquito breeding sites to help reduce the risk of West Nile virus transmission.