Israel's Multi-Layered Aviation Security System Detailed

Following a dramatic incident on a flight from Dubai to Israel where a co-pilot attacked the captain and attempted to crash the plane, Israeli security officials have detailed the comprehensive security measures protecting flights to and from the country. The attack was thwarted by four Israeli passengers who intervened after the injured captain managed to open the cockpit door.

Israel's aviation security system, established in 1972 after the Munich Olympics massacre, operates in multiple layers. The first layer involves intelligence gathering by the Mossad to identify and thwart terror plots targeting aviation. This intelligence is shared with the Shin Bet and the National Security Council to adjust security protocols and issue travel warnings.

The second layer focuses on securing the aircraft while it is on the ground at airports, involving checks on refueling, cleaning, and catering personnel and supplies. The third layer is passenger screening, conducted by specialized units like Ofek, which operates under the Shin Bet and uses advanced technology and interviews to detect weapons, explosives, or suspicious individuals.

The fourth layer involves vetting flight crews. The Ministry of Transport's Aviation Security Department and the Operations Center for Aviation Security (Maml'at) oversee foreign airlines, ensuring compliance with security directives, including restrictions on crew members from enemy states. The Mossad also participates in vetting suspicious crews.

The fifth layer is in-flight security, largely covert. Since 1975, the Shin Bet has placed armed, undercover air marshals, known as "Matusaim," on all Israeli passenger flights. These marshals are trained to respond immediately to hijacking attempts, smuggling, or attacks during flights and while on the ground.