Iranian Missile Attacks Escalate Pressure on Jordan Amid US Military Presence

For nearly three decades, Jordan has served as a key hub for US military operations in the Middle East. However, amid the ongoing conflict with Iran, Jordan is increasingly bearing the consequences. In recent days, Tehran has intensified missile attacks targeting Jordan, focusing on American forces stationed within the kingdom. Despite frequent sirens and direct threats to national security, Amman has so far refrained from restricting the US military presence.

Analysts attribute Jordan's reluctance to limit US forces to its deep economic and security dependence on Washington. Unlike some Gulf states rich in oil and natural resources, Jordan is resource-poor and heavily reliant on foreign aid. According to Jordanian sources, the US provided $1.65 billion in economic and military assistance to Jordan last year. Beyond financial support, Jordan depends on the US as a protective power amid regional threats.

While other US allies in the Middle East have curtailed American military activities on their soil during the Iran conflict, US officials say Jordan is not in a position to impose similar restrictions. Sean Yom, a political science professor at Temple University, described Jordan as a "weak state" surrounded by regional dangers, necessitating a major power patron, a role the US has fulfilled for generations.

Since the US and Israel launched their "Roaring Lion" campaign against Iran in late February, Tehran has retaliated with attacks on Washington's allies, including hundreds of missiles and drones aimed at Jordan. The conflict has swiftly impacted Jordan's economy, particularly its tourism sector, which accounts for up to 18% of national revenue. Despite most missiles and drones being intercepted, airlines have canceled flights and tourists have withdrawn bookings, hitting the kingdom during its peak season.