Arab Elderly Population Set to Double, Posing Challenges for Families and Services

The Arab community in Israel is facing a significant demographic shift with a projected doubling, or even tripling, of its elderly population (those over 65) within the next 20 to 25 years. Currently, individuals over 65 constitute an estimated 5% to 5.5% of the Arab population, numbering between 100,000 and 120,000. This increase is attributed to a rising life expectancy, which stands at approximately 81 years for Arab women and 78 years for Arab men, with recent data indicating 83.1 years for women and 77.7 for men in 2024.

This demographic change necessitates a comprehensive reevaluation of health, social, and economic services for the elderly. The vast majority, nearly 99.5%, of elderly Arabs currently live at home, placing a substantial care burden on families. This situation is compounded by higher rates of chronic illness and the need for assistance with daily activities, alongside existing health disparities between Arab and Jewish populations.

While day care centers and caregiver services can offer some relief, they do not negate the primary role of the family in Arab society. Historically, elders held central decision-making roles, but social and economic transformations, including a shift from extended to nuclear families, have diminished this influence. However, experts anticipate this may change as more educated and economically independent generations reach old age.

To maintain the well-being and societal contribution of the elderly, experts emphasize the importance of continued work, social engagement, and volunteerism post-retirement. Currently, an estimated 20% of individuals over 70 remain in the workforce, though volunteerism among this group is limited. Early retirement is seen as a missed opportunity, potentially leading to a loss of valuable experience and energy that could benefit society.