US Approves F-35 Sale to Saudi Arabia, Raising Israeli Military Edge Concerns

The United States announced on Thursday its approval for the sale of F-35 fighter jets to Saudi Arabia, a move that has caused significant regional stir. This potential acquisition positions Saudi Arabia as the first Arab nation to receive these advanced aircraft, aiming to re-establish its dominance in the Arab world, especially during a challenging period marked by questions about its military capabilities. The decision is seen by some as a reconciliation gesture from the US towards Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, following President Trump's public rejection of a request for US military intervention in the conflict with the Houthis. The US administration recognizes the potential damage to relations with Riyadh and the Saudi royal family, particularly given Saudi Arabia's crucial role as a major global oil exporter.

However, the deal's finalization is uncertain. The US has previously canceled two F-35 deals due to concerns over the potential leakage of sensitive technology to Russia and China. A deal with Turkey was halted because its air force operates Russian S-400 missile systems alongside advanced radar. Similarly, a deal with the United Arab Emirates was canceled due to the use of Chinese-made computing infrastructure in its government operations. In both instances, US security agencies issued unprecedented warnings to decision-makers.

Under US law, the sale requires Congressional approval within 30 days. Democratic Congressman Raja Krishnamoorthi has already voiced opposition, citing a serious risk of technology transfer to China. A Defense Intelligence Agency report indicates that China has access to Saudi military bases and communication infrastructure, with decades-long involvement in the Saudi defense establishment, including supplying advanced weaponry like Dongfeng missiles and Chinese-made drones. There are also unconfirmed reports of Saudi Arabia developing ballistic missiles using Chinese technology and advisors.

Beyond technological concerns, the sale must comply with the US law ensuring Israel's Qualitative Military Edge (QME) in the region. This commitment requires that any arms sale to a regional country does not compromise Israel's military advantage. When the UAE deal was approved, then-Israeli Defense Minister Benny Gantz secured assurances that the UAE would not have access to the F-35's source code for technological integration, unlike Israel. If the current deal proceeds, Saudi Arabia would receive a significantly more advanced version of the F-35 than Israel currently operates, potentially creating a dangerous imbalance. Israel is awaiting the deal's approval before formally stating its demands, which are expected to include a downgraded version of the aircraft and substantial military aid to compensate for prolonged combat operations. This complex negotiation will be handled by a new Israeli government.