Israel Expands RSV Vaccination Program for Infants and Elderly with New Vaccines and Adjusted Schedule

The Israeli Ministry of Health has updated its vaccination guidelines against the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), a leading cause of respiratory illness in infants, the elderly, and at-risk populations. The update, announced on Monday, includes the introduction of two new vaccines, expanded eligibility groups, and changes to the vaccination schedule for newborns. One key change is postponing the start date for administering the vaccine to newborns in hospitals from August 1 to September 1. The ministry clarified that this adjustment affects only the vaccination program timeline and does not alter the epidemiological definition of the RSV season's start.

The two new vaccines added to the national immunization schedule are Enflonsia (Clesrovimab), a passive vaccine for infants in their first year, now included in the health basket, and mRESVIA, an active mRNA vaccine for individuals aged 60 and older as well as high-risk adults aged 18-59. Clinical data show Enflonsia reduces RSV-related hospitalizations in infants by 84.2% and severe respiratory illness by 90%. Additionally, the vaccine Arexvy's indication has been expanded to include high-risk adults aged 18-59, excluding pregnant women.

For infants in their first year, either Beyfortus or Enflonsia may be used depending on existing stock at health clinics and hospitals, with priority given to using current supplies. Dosage adjustment of Beyfortus according to infant weight is emphasized. In the second RSV season of a child's life, eligible children will receive Beyfortus only. The Ministry of Health noted that arrangements for vaccines not included in the health basket will be coordinated with health funds.

Professor David Greenberg, head of pediatric infectious diseases at Saban Children's Hospital, Soroka Medical Center, highlighted the severity of RSV in young children and stressed vaccination as a crucial tool to reduce severe illness and hospitalizations. He also urged vigilance for early symptoms such as cough, breathing difficulties, wheezing, or feeding problems, recommending prompt medical evaluation to prevent disease progression and enable timely treatment.