Vast Second Temple Ritual Bath Complex Found Near Jerusalem's Temple Mount

Archaeologists from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem have unearthed a monumental ritual bathing complex near the Temple Mount in Jerusalem's Old City. The site, located by the Triple Gate at the foot of the Temple Mount, dates from the 1st century BCE to 70 CE. The complex, spanning approximately 280 square meters, features three large mikvahs (ritual baths), a massive plastered pool measuring 12 by 9.5 meters with steps on all sides, a paved area, and an advanced water supply system.

What makes the discovery particularly significant is its exceptional state of preservation. One mikvah remains intact to its full height of 4.2 meters, complete with its stone vaulted ceiling and a water supply shaft. Such floor-to-ceiling preserved structures from that era are extremely rare in Jerusalem. A drainage system over two meters high channeled water to the Kidron Valley, indicating a consistent water source, possibly from the city's aqueduct.

Professors Uzi Leibner and Orit Peleg-Barkat, who led the excavations, described the find as unprecedented. They noted that the monumental hewn stone structure, dedicated entirely to ritual purification and situated near a Temple Mount gate, is unique. The complex was used by numerous Jewish pilgrims for ritual immersion before visiting the Temple.

Excavations also revealed remnants of an even older structure from the 1st century BCE beneath the complex, suggesting a long-standing tradition of purification at this specific location. The complex's history ended tragically in 70 CE during the Roman destruction of Jerusalem, evidenced by a layer of ash and coins from the First Jewish Revolt.