Lebanon Urges UN Peacekeeper Mandate Extension, Israel Opposes

Lebanon is pushing for the renewal of the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) mandate, which expires at the end of the year, a move strongly opposed by Israel. Negotiations between the two countries have intensified in recent weeks, with the future of international forces in southern Lebanon and regional demilitarization being key points of contention. A note sent by Lebanon's Ambassador to the UN, Ahmed Arafa, to UN Secretary-General António Guterres, obtained by N12, expressed support for extending UNIFIL's mandate, directly contradicting Israel's position. The Lebanese diplomat argued that ending the mandate prematurely would be detrimental, as UNIFIL plays a crucial role in maintaining security and stability in southern Lebanon and supports the Lebanese armed forces in expanding state authority. Lebanon also rejected three alternative proposals from the UN Secretary-General for replacing UNIFIL, which involved reducing the current force of approximately 7,500 troops. Lebanon's ambassador stated that the security situation has changed significantly and that the mandate's termination must be reconsidered to prevent a security vacuum, deeming an extension of the current format for a limited period the most practical and economically viable solution.

Conversely, Israel is categorically against UNIFIL's continued presence. Israel's Ambassador to the UN, Danny Danon, stated at a Security Council meeting that peacekeepers have failed for years to prevent Hezbollah's strengthening in southern Lebanon. He emphasized that the decision to end the mandate is final and that the remaining months should focus on enforcing Resolution 1701 and disarming Hezbollah, with full security responsibility eventually transferring to the Lebanese government and army. An Israeli political source confirmed full coordination with the United States on ending UNIFIL's operations and stated Israel's opposition to any similar structures.

Following Lebanon's appeal, France proposed extending UNIFIL's mandate beyond its current end date of late 2026 during a closed Security Council session. European countries generally supported this idea, and a senior UN official warned of the risks of a security vacuum. Russia and China have not clearly stated their positions, while the US Ambassador to the UN, Mike Waltz, spoke against an extension. Simultaneously, Israel and Lebanon are exploring the creation of an alternative international contingent, with Italy, Switzerland, the UK, and Indonesia reportedly considered as potential participants. Italy is reportedly willing to take a leading role, and Switzerland is prepared to provide a limited contingent and planning assistance. An Israeli political source stressed that Israel would not permit the participation of hostile states, particularly in light of discussions in the UK regarding sanctions against settlements.