Studies Reveal How Proper Air Conditioner Use Affects Health in Israeli Summers

In Israel's hot summers, air conditioners are essential in homes, offices, and vehicles, but improper use can cause health issues such as dry eyes, respiratory tract dryness, worsened allergies, and asthma. A comprehensive 2024 review published in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology highlights that the main problems stem not from the air conditioners themselves but from poor air quality in enclosed spaces, inadequate maintenance, and insufficient ventilation.

The study emphasizes that regular cleaning of filters, proper ventilation, and maintaining good air quality can reduce respiratory symptoms, especially for allergy and asthma sufferers. Contrary to common belief, air conditioners do not cause colds, which are viral infections; however, prolonged exposure to cold, dry air can dry out nasal and throat mucous membranes, reducing their ability to defend against pathogens.

Air-conditioned environments often lower humidity, leading to dry eyes, throat irritation, cracked lips, and worsened skin dryness, particularly affecting contact lens wearers and those with dry eyes. Dirty filters can accumulate dust, pollen, mold, and other pollutants, aggravating symptoms like coughing, runny nose, eye irritation, and shortness of breath in sensitive individuals. Conversely, air conditioners equipped with HEPA or high-efficiency filters and properly maintained can reduce airborne allergens such as dust mites.

Experts advise setting air conditioners to a moderate temperature between 24 and 26 degrees Celsius to avoid discomfort and muscle pain caused by abrupt temperature changes, which can be especially hard on the elderly and chronically ill. Additionally, opening windows briefly to allow fresh air circulation helps improve indoor air quality.

Dr. Lee Erez, a family medicine specialist at Maccabi Healthcare Services in northern Israel, recommends regular filter cleaning every few weeks during use, periodic maintenance, avoiding direct airflow to the face or body, staying hydrated, and ventilating indoor spaces. Proper air conditioner use not only enhances comfort but also reduces heat-related health risks such as heat exhaustion and heat stroke, particularly for vulnerable populations like infants, children, the elderly, and those with chronic illnesses.