IDF Salmonella Outbreak Shaped Mayonnaise's Risky Reputation Despite Modern Safety
In the summer of 1995, a severe salmonella outbreak at an Israeli Air Force base in southern Israel was traced to mayonnaise made from fresh eggs, infecting 295 soldiers and civilians and resulting in one fatality. This incident led the IDF to overhaul food safety protocols, relegating mayonnaise to a restricted status in military kitchens. Since then, mayonnaise has been widely viewed in Israel as a potential health hazard, especially linked to food poisoning and stomach issues.
Contrary to popular belief, industrially produced mayonnaise is a stable emulsion of oil, acid (vinegar or lemon juice), and lecithin from egg yolks, which prevents bacterial growth. Clinical dietitian Meital Levi Malomit from the Health Services explains that mayonnaise itself is not the sole culprit in foodborne illnesses at picnics; rather, contamination often arises from other ingredients or improper food handling. Chef Rachel Ben Elul also notes that commercial mayonnaise is pasteurized and durable, with spoilage usually caused by added ingredients like tuna or vegetables.
Homemade mayonnaise, however, carries a higher risk due to raw eggs and requires strict refrigeration and quick consumption, especially for vulnerable groups such as pregnant women, children, and the elderly. Even industrial mayonnaise must be refrigerated after opening to prevent bacterial growth. Nutritionally, classic mayonnaise is high in fat and calories, while light versions reduce fat but add stabilizers and thickeners.
Culinary uses of mayonnaise extend beyond sandwiches, including incorporation into batters and sauces to enhance moisture and texture. The market now offers diverse varieties, including Japanese Kewpie mayonnaise made from egg yolks only, avocado or olive oil-based options, vegan alternatives using soy or aquafaba, and flavored sauces blending mayonnaise with spices or truffles. Despite evolving trends, experts advise moderation due to mayonnaise's fat and sodium content, especially for individuals with cardiovascular issues or weight concerns.
