Israeli Knesset Passes Law Weakening Attorney General's Role Amid Controversy

The Israeli Knesset approved a controversial law on July 15, 2026, in its second and third readings, aimed at weakening the role of the Attorney General (AG). The vote passed with 65 in favor and 51 against, while Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu was absent from the vote. The legislation proposes splitting the AG's current role into two separate positions: a Government Legal Advisor responsible for civil advice and representation, and a General Prosecutor who will handle criminal law and public prosecution exclusively. The Justice Minister will have the authority to resolve disputes between these two roles.

Under the new law, the AG will be appointed by the government based on recommendations from the Prime Minister and Justice Minister, with a term tied to the appointing government's tenure. The government will also have the power to dismiss the AG for reasons including disagreements that hinder cooperation, misconduct, refusal to perform duties, or if a criminal investigation is opened against them.

The law further limits the AG's authority by requiring them to assist the government in advancing its policies, while allowing the government to reject certain legal opinions as not reflecting the law. The government may appoint external lawyers to represent the state in legal proceedings if it believes the AG is not adequately representing its position. In such cases, the AG may only appear in court with government approval, except in criminal cases. Additionally, a "Senior Deputy" will be appointed with the AG's consent and the Justice Minister's recommendation to represent public interests in court.

The Movement for Quality Government in Israel immediately petitioned the Supreme Court against the law, calling it a "last-minute coup by an illegitimate coalition." They accused Prime Minister Netanyahu, who faces criminal charges, of dismantling the institution leading the prosecution in his trial in hopes of appointing a compliant legal advisor to cancel his indictment.