Satellite Images Show Limited Activity at Iran's Natanz Nuclear Site Despite Agreements

Satellite images from late June 2026, released by the Institute for Science and International Security (ISIS) based on VantorTech photos, indicate minimal changes at most of Iran's main nuclear facilities. However, activity was detected at the underground complex near Natanz, specifically at the Har Pikaax site, suggesting ongoing work there. Analysis shows that at Natanz itself, there was almost no visible activity: access points to the underground enrichment halls remain unrepaired, staff entrances are still damaged, vehicle entrances suffer heavy damage, and main and backup power supplies are offline. Cooling systems are scattered across the site, and only a single vehicle was seen outside the experimental enrichment facility (PFEP), which Iran destroyed and covered after June 2025.

At Har Pikaax, vehicle movement was observed on roads leading to western tunnel entrances, indicating continued work and reinforcement of entry points. Eastern tunnel entrances remain partially covered with earth to restrict rapid vehicle access, likely to slow entry and exit. According to the memorandum of understanding (MOU) between the US and Iran, Tehran is obligated to maintain the status quo, refraining from construction or development at any nuclear-related site, including Har Pikaax.

No new changes were detected at the Fordow facility, where passive protective measures such as earth and rock berms placed in May remain intact as of June 21. These berms create a winding path designed to slow vehicle access rather than block it entirely. Tunnel entrances there also remain covered with earth. Similarly, no new activity was observed at the nuclear site in Isfahan as of June 29, with tunnel entrances still earth-covered.

The ISIS Institute stated it will continue monitoring developments at these four sites using satellite imagery to track compliance with the MOU and any potential nuclear activity.