New US Report Urges Avoiding Sunscreen Sprays, Prefers Creams for Safer Sun Protection
A recent report by the American environmental and health organization Environmental Working Group (EWG) has sparked renewed debate about the safety and effectiveness of sunscreen products sold in the United States. The study evaluated 2,784 sunscreens and found that only about 20% (597 products) met the EWG's strict criteria for safety, transparency, and efficacy. While the report does not claim that 80% of sunscreens are dangerous, many failed due to ingredients used, inadequate UVA protection, use of spray formulations, or misleading marketing claims.
The report highlights three common chemical UV filters, oxybenzone, octinoxate, and homosalate, as concerning due to potential hormonal effects and possible impacts on reproductive and developmental systems. Oxybenzone, in particular, has been detected in urine, blood, and breast milk samples, though its health implications remain under study. Octinoxate and homosalate are also under regulatory review in various countries, especially in Europe.
Another key finding is that over one-third of sunscreens contain unspecified fragrance mixtures, which may include allergens or substances under investigation for hormonal and health effects. The EWG strongly recommends choosing creams or sticks over spray sunscreens, citing risks of inhaling particles and uneven skin coverage. Spray sunscreens have also been subject to recalls due to benzene contamination, a known carcinogen.
The report criticizes very high SPF numbers, noting that SPF 50 blocks about 98% of UVB rays, while SPF 100 blocks 99%, a marginal difference that may give users a false sense of security and reduce reapplication frequency. The preferred sunscreen type, according to the EWG, is mineral-based products containing zinc oxide, which provide broad-spectrum UVA and UVB protection by forming a physical barrier on the skin.
Dermatologists emphasize that sunscreen remains a crucial tool against sunburn, premature aging, and skin cancer, including melanoma. Dr. Tanya Evans, who was not involved in the study, stressed the importance of selecting high-quality sunscreens and applying them properly. Both the report authors and skin experts agree that the risks of unprotected sun exposure far outweigh concerns about most sunscreen ingredients. Daily use of broad-spectrum sunscreen, applying sufficient amounts, and reapplying every two hours, especially after swimming or sweating, are strongly advised.
