Dead Sea Water Levels Plunge Rapidly as Israel Faces Urgent Preservation Decisions
The Dead Sea, the world's deepest hypersaline lake with water ten times saltier than the ocean, is experiencing a critical decline in water levels, dropping approximately 1.15 meters annually. This alarming trend has persisted for over 20 years without decisive government intervention, according to a recent State Comptroller report. The Dead Sea's unique geological and ecological characteristics make it a natural and scientific treasure, vital for tourism, local livelihoods, and climate and seismic research.
Two main strategies are under consideration to address the decline: allowing the water level to continue falling, which could lead to a drop of about 100 meters over several decades with unknown environmental and infrastructural consequences, or implementing a controlled stabilization plan. Proposed solutions include channeling seawater from Eilat or treated water from the Jordan River, with some experts favoring the latter for its closer alignment with natural conditions and reduced ecological impact. Stabilization efforts would require hundreds of millions to up to two billion shekels annually, and face geopolitical and environmental challenges, including water scarcity in the region.
Additionally, about 40 percent of the annual water deficit stems from industrial activities by Israeli and Jordanian Dead Sea factories. These industries reportedly extract more water than their official licenses permit, based on self-reported figures that lack external verification. The State Comptroller recommends shifting from water extraction licenses to production quotas with independent oversight to prevent overuse. This measure could be implemented relatively quickly and cost-effectively compared to large-scale desalination projects.
Dr. Yael Kiro, a senior researcher at the Weizmann Institute studying the Dead Sea since 2003, emphasizes that two decades of delay are excessive. She calls for immediate government decisions and investment to preserve this irreplaceable natural asset. Without prompt action, the region risks severe ecological damage and economic losses, especially in tourism and local communities.
