Tel Aviv Study Links Pelvic Structure to Differences in Male and Female Walking Patterns

A new study from Tel Aviv University compared Neanderthal pelvises with those of modern humans to explore why men and women walk differently. The research, published in Scientific Reports and led by Prof. Yoel Rak with collaborators from Spain, the Technion, Bar-Ilan University, and Ono Academic College, analyzed two nearly complete male Neanderthal pelvises found in Kebara Cave, Israel, and Sima de los Huesos, Spain, alongside dozens of modern human pelvises. Despite their large size and robust build, Neanderthal pelvises resembled modern female pelvises more than male ones in most measurements.

The researchers found that male pelvises have hip joints positioned more anteriorly on the pelvic ring compared to female pelvises and Neanderthal males. This anatomical arrangement creates a biomechanical mechanism where the front thigh muscles act like springs, helping to absorb shock, store energy, and release it with each step. This mechanism may improve energy efficiency and facilitate long-distance walking in men.

In contrast, female pelvises are shaped to accommodate a wider birth canal, influencing their hip joint placement and walking mechanics. The study suggests these pelvic differences could explain anatomical variations between sexes and have implications for biomechanics, musculoskeletal medicine, rehabilitation, and injury prevention research.