Hebrew Language Academy Clarifies Correct Usage of 'Shteyim' Variants

The Academy of the Hebrew Language has addressed a common linguistic confusion regarding the correct form of the word meaning "both" in Hebrew. While most speakers know that "shneihem" (שניהם) is used for masculine and "shtiyen" (שתיהן) for feminine, many also use the form "shtayim" (שתיהם), which the Academy states is not standard in modern Hebrew.

The Academy explains that Hebrew grammar distinguishes masculine and feminine plural pronouns by the endings "-hem" and "-hen," as seen in words like "shloshatam" (שלושתם) versus "shlosheten" (שלושתן). This rule applies consistently to numbers, including the number two, where the correct forms are "shneihem" for masculine and "shtiyen" for feminine.

Acknowledging historical usage, the Academy notes that the nonstandard form "shtayim" does appear twice in the biblical Book of Ruth, which uses a unique linguistic style with some gender form variations. However, they emphasize that this biblical usage does not justify adopting "shtayim" in contemporary Hebrew.

To help speakers avoid confusion, the Academy recommends a simple rule: use "shneihem" or "shtiyen," but not "shtayim." This clarification aims to standardize usage and reduce common mistakes in everyday speech and writing.