Hezbollah's Underground Complex on Mount Ali Al-Taher Becomes Key Battleground

The Mount Ali Al-Taher ridge in southern Lebanon has emerged as a central focus of both fighting and diplomatic efforts, following Israeli military operations to seize control of the area from Hezbollah. According to the IDF, the ridge, situated approximately 600 meters north of the Litani River, houses a significant strategic underground infrastructure. This complex serves as the primary command center for Hezbollah's "Badr Unit," which directs the organization's operations north of the river, and also contains "Amad 4," a facility for storing precision missiles and heavy rockets.

Since June 2026, the IDF has concentrated on isolating the ridge through aerial and artillery strikes, aiming to degrade Hezbollah forces. This campaign has resulted in the deaths of five IDF soldiers and injuries to 18 others, primarily from explosive drone attacks and direct confrontations. Initial reports suggested the presence of Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps officers and operatives within the complex, but current IDF assessments indicate no Iranian personnel are trapped there.

Lebanese commentators warn that an Israeli takeover of the ridge would dismantle Hezbollah's second line of defense, potentially paving the way for further advances toward Aklim Al-Tefah. The Institute for Counter-Terrorism and Intelligence notes that control over the ridge has become a major obstacle to implementing a framework agreement signed on June 26, 2026.

During negotiations in Rome, Lebanon proposed expanding "pilot zones" for the Lebanese army's operations. However, Israel conditioned this on the dismantling of Hezbollah infrastructure on Mount Ali Al-Taher. Lebanese President Joseph Aoun and Parliament Speaker Nabih Berri attempted to broker a deal involving the Lebanese army entering the area after Hezbollah militants evacuated. The Lebanese army, however, has hesitated to engage, fearing escalation and seeking American guarantees.

Hezbollah has rejected these proposals outright, with the Al-Akhbar newspaper stating the group will not withdraw from the ridge without a fight. This stance stems from concerns that a withdrawal would set a precedent for further demands to evacuate areas south of the Litani River and in the Beqaa Valley.